/oss/taxonomy/term/6801/all en /oss/article/medical-contributors/we-know-about-type-1-and-type-2-diabetes-what-type-3-diabetes <p>The incidence of diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic levels in recent years, affecting one in every 10 adults globally in 2021. Ninety percent of these individuals have Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) which is characterized by two defects, namely resistance to the metabolic actions of insulin in combination with an inability of the pancreatic islet beta-cells to secrete enough insulin to overcome this resistance. T2D is also often associated with overweight or obesity, which plays a role in the development of the insulin resistance.</p> Fri, 12 Apr 2024 13:25:03 +0000 Patricia Brubaker, Ph.D., F.R.S.C. 9907 at /oss /oss/article/medical-history/battling-baldness <p>It may seem hard to believe, but as late as 1942, male patients in some mental hospitals were castrated to quiet them. This extreme treatment did have some scientific basis, since testosterone, the male sex hormone produced by the testes, has been linked with aggression. One of the positive offshoots of this barbaric treatment was the knowledge gained about the effects of testosterone on the body Winfield State Hospital, a mental hospital in Kansas, became an ideal place for Yale anatomist James Hamilton to conduct a study of castrated men.</p> Wed, 29 Mar 2023 15:41:15 +0000 Joe Schwarcz PhD 9456 at /oss